Of great interest, independent scientists from around the world continue to provide scientific evidence in basic science models, in addition to the INR’s published clinical studies, supporting the potential of etanercept to favorably intervene in brain disorders of diverse etiology:
1. Ye, J., R. Jiang, M. Cui, B. Zhu, L. Sun, Y. Wang, A. Zohaib, Q. Dong, X. Ruan, Y. Song, W. He, H. Chen, and S. Cao, Etanercept reduces neuroinflammation and lethality in mouse model of Japanese encephalitis. J Infect Dis, 2014.
2. Warrington, J.D., H; Ryan, M; Granger, J, The role of TNF alpha in placental ischemia-induced cerebrovascular abnormalities (1084.6). The FASEB Journal, 2014. 28 no. 1 Supplement 1084.6.
3. Tobinick, E., H. Rodriguez-Romanacce, A. Levine, T.A. Ignatowski, and R.N. Spengler, Immediate Neurological Recovery Following Perispinal Etanercept Years After Brain Injury. Clin Drug Investig, 2014.
4. Ekici, M.A., O. Uysal, H.I. Cikriklar, Z. Ozbek, D. Turgut Cosan, C. Baydemir, B. Kazanci, and D. Hafizoglu, Effect of etanercept and lithium chloride on preventing secondary tissue damage in rats with experimental diffuse severe brain injury. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2014. 18(1): p. 10-27.
5. Chio, C.C., C.H. Chang, C.C. Wang, C.U. Cheong, C.M. Chao, B.C. Cheng, C.Z. Yang, and C.P. Chang, Etanercept attenuates traumatic brain injury in rats by reducing early microglial expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. BMC Neurosci, 2013. 14: p. 33.
6. Cheong, C.U., C.P. Chang, C.M. Chao, B.C. Cheng, C.Z. Yang, and C.C. Chio, Etanercept attenuates traumatic brain injury in rats by reducing brain TNF- alpha contents and by stimulating newly formed neurogenesis. Mediators Inflamm, 2013. 2013: p. 620837.
7. Boivin, N., R. Menasria, J. Piret, S. Rivest, and G. Boivin, The Combination of Valacyclovir with an Anti-TNF Alpha Antibody [etanercept] Increases Survival Rate Compared to Antiviral Therapy Alone in a Murine Model of Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis. Antiviral Res, 2013.
8. Tobinick, E., N.M. Kim, G. Reyzin, H. Rodriguez-Romanacce, and V. DePuy, Selective TNF inhibition for chronic stroke and traumatic brain injury: an observational study involving 629 consecutive patients treated with perispinal etanercept. CNS Drugs, 2012. 26(12): p. 1051-70.
9. Tobinick, E., Deciphering the Physiology Underlying the Rapid Clinical Effects of Perispinal Etanercept in Alzheimer’s Disease. Curr Alzheimer Res, 2012. 9(1): p. 99-109.
10. McAfoose, J., L. Kulic, T. Welt, C. Spani, R. Derungs, A. Pfister, and R. Nitsch, Effects of anti-TNF Therapy on Amyloid Pathology and Neuroinflammation in 12-month old ARCA-beta Transgenic Mice. Alzheimer’s and Dementia, 2012. 8(4): p. P394.
11. Desjardins, P., T. Du, W. Jiang, L. Peng, and R.F. Butterworth, Pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy and brain edema in acute liver failure: role of glutamine redefined. Neurochem Int, 2012. 60(7): p. 690-6.
12. Tobinick, E., Rapid improvement of chronic stroke deficits after perispinal etanercept: three consecutive cases. CNS Drugs, 2011. 25(2): p. 145-55.
13. Tobinick, E., Perispinal etanercept: a new therapeutic paradigm in neurology. Expert Rev Neurother, 2010. 10(6): p. 985-1002.
14. Chio, C.C., J.W. Lin, M.W. Chang, C.C. Wang, J.R. Kuo, C.Z. Yang, and C.P. Chang, Therapeutic evaluation of etanercept in a model of traumatic brain injury. J Neurochem, 2010. 115(4): p. 921-9.
15. Aden, U., G. Favrais, F. Plaisant, M. Winerdal, U. Felderhoff-Mueser, J. Lampa, V. Lelievre, and P. Gressens, Systemic inflammation sensitizes the neonatal brain to excitotoxicity through a pro-/anti-inflammatory imbalance: key role of TNFalpha pathway and protection by etanercept. Brain Behav Immun, 2010. 24(5): p. 747-58.
16. Tobinick, E., Perispinal etanercept for neuroinflammatory disorders. Drug Discov Today, 2009. 14(3-4): p. 168-77.
17. Tobinick, E., Tumour necrosis factor modulation for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: rationale and current evidence. CNS Drugs, 2009. 23(9): p. 713-25.
18. Tobinick, E.L. and H. Gross, Rapid cognitive improvement in Alzheimer’s disease following perispinal etanercept administration. J Neuroinflammation, 2008. 5: p. 2.
19. Tobinick, E.L. and H. Gross, Rapid improvement in verbal fluency and aphasia following perispinal etanercept in Alzheimer’s disease. BMC Neurol, 2008. 8: p. 27.
20. Tobinick, E., H. Gross, A. Weinberger, and H. Cohen, TNF-alpha modulation for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: a 6-month pilot study. MedGenMed, 2006. 8(2): p. 25.